AI-rithmetic

arxiv:2602.10416

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Reasoning and the "physics" of language models · 2026-02-11

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2. Part 2

Contents

• AI-rithmetic Thanks: Authors are listed in alphabetical order. Correspondence to {alexbie, tdick, kulesza, pragh, vinodraman, sergeiv}@google.com .
• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Summary of Findings
• 1.2 Related Work
• 2 Model Performance
• Setup.
• Models.
• Results.
• 3 Exploration of Mistakes
• Misalignment Errors.
• Close Carry Errors.
• Runaway errors.
• Results.
• 4 Explanation of Mistakes
• 4.1 Tokenization and Misalignment
• 4.2 Independence and Close Carry Errors
• 5 Discussion